Pipkin (barley)
From The Oxford Companion to Beer
is a two-row winter barley with excellent malting quality properties. It resulted from a Sergeant × Maris Otter cross and the breeding program at the Welsh Plant Breeding Station in Aberystwyth, UK (Habgood et al., 1982; BBSRC Small Grains Cereal Collection Database). Pipkin might actually be genetically closer to its grandparent Pioneer—the winter parent of Maris Otter (Rostoks et al., 2006). It is also one of the first UK cultivars developed through doubled haploid technology. In 1986 Pipkin was added to the UK National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB) Recommended List (Jones et al., 1986) and in 1988 garnered the WPBS the Thompson Perpetual Challenge Trophy from the Institute of Brewing for breeding “the most successful and established new variety.” Pipkin yields 25% more than Maris Otter and has lower grain nitrogen content. It was also superior in its resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis), net blotch (Pyrenophora teres), and leaf blotch (Rhynchosporium secalis)—all still serious disease impediments to barley cultivation. Pipkin grain size is smaller than that of its contemporary Halcyon (another Maris Otter offspring) and maltsters, including Ian Hall at Thomas Fawcett & Sons Ltd, found that it yielded 2% to 3% lower extracts. In 1999 Pipkin became outclassed by newer cultivars and was no longer recommended by the NIAB. Today, the only place you might locate a fresh pint brewed with Pipkin malt is at the Penlon Cottage Brewery in Wales, where owners Penny and Stefan Samociuk advocate local production to the extreme by using malt both bred and grown near the brewery.
Bibliography
BBSRC Small Grains Cereal Collection Database at the John Innes Centre. http://data.jic.bbsrc.ac.uk/cgi-bin/germplasm/cereals.asp/ (accessed August 15, 2010).
This definition is from The Oxford Companion to Beer, edited by Garrett Oliver. © Oxford University Press 2012.